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Sunlight and Shade in the First Cities

2017-01-16
Sunlight and Shade in the First Cities

Author: Mary Shepperson

Publisher: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht

ISBN: 9783647540535

Category: Religion

Page: 264

View: 989

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The emergence of urbanism in Iraq occurred under the distinctive climatic conditions of the Mesopotamian plain; rainy winters and extremely hot summers profoundly affected the formation and development of these early cities. Sunlight and Shade in the First Cities explores the relationship between society, culture and lived experience through the way in which sunlight was manipulated in the urban built environment. Light is approached as both a physical phenomenon, which affects comfort and the practical usability of space, and as a symbolic phenomenon rich in social and religious meaning. Through the reconstruction of ancient urban light environments, to the extent possible from the archaeological remains, the location, timing and meaning of activities within early Mesopotamian cities become accessible. Sunlight is shown to have influenced the formation and symbolism of urban architecture and shaped the sensory experience of urban life.From cities as part of the sunlit landscape, this work progresses to consider city forms as a whole and then to the examination of architectural types; residential, sacred and palatial. Architectural analysis is complemented by analysis of contemporary textual sources, along with iconographic and artefactual evidence. The cities under detailed examination are limited to those on the Mesopotamian plain, focusing on the Early Dynastic periods up to the end of the second millennium BC.This volume demonstrates the utility of light as a tool with which to analyse, not just ancient Mesopotamian settlements, but the built environment of any past society, especially where provision of, or protection from sunlight critically affects life. The active influence of sunlight is demonstrated within Mesopotamian cities at every scale of analysis.

Testing the Canon of Ancient Near Eastern Art and Archaeology

2020-01-06
Testing the Canon of Ancient Near Eastern Art and Archaeology

Author: Amy Gansell

Publisher: Oxford University Press

ISBN: 9780190673178

Category: Art

Page: 448

View: 287

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Testing the Canon of Ancient Near Eastern Art and Archaeology invites readers to reconsider the contents and agendas of the art historical and world-culture canons by looking at one of their most historically enduring components: the art and archaeology of the ancient Near East. Ann Shafer, Amy Rebecca Gansell, and other top researchers in the field examine and critique the formation and historical transformation of the ancient Near Eastern canon of art, architecture, and material culture. Contributors flesh out the current boundaries of regional and typological sub-canons, analyze the technologies of canon production (such as museum practices and classroom pedagogies), and voice first-hand heritage perspectives. Each chapter, thereby, critically engages with the historiography behind our approach to the Near East and proposes alternative constructs. Collectively, the essays confront and critique the ancient Near Eastern canon's present configuration and re-imagine its future role in the canon of world art as a whole. This expansive collection of essays covers the Near East's many regions, eras, and types of visual and archaeological materials, offering specific and actionable proposals for its study. Testing the Canon of Ancient Near Eastern Art and Archaeology stands as a vital benchmark and offers a collective path forward for the study and appreciation of Near Eastern cultural heritage. This book acts as a model for similar inquiries across global art historical and archaeological fields and disciplines.

The Routledge Handbook of the Senses in the Ancient Near East

2021-09-30
The Routledge Handbook of the Senses in the Ancient Near East

Author: Kiersten Neumann

Publisher: Routledge

ISBN: 9781000436426

Category: History

Page: 770

View: 564

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This Handbook is a state-of-the-field volume containing diverse approaches to sensory experience, bringing to life in an innovative, remarkably vivid, and visceral way the lives of past humans through contributions that cover the chronological and geographical expanse of the ancient Near East. It comprises thirty-two chapters written by leading international contributors that look at the ways in which humans, through their senses, experienced their lives and the world around them in the ancient Near East, with coverage of Anatolia, Egypt, the Levant, Mesopotamia, Syria, and Persia, from the Neolithic through the Roman period. It is organised into six parts related to sensory contexts: Practice, production, and taskscape; Dress and the body; Ritualised practice and ceremonial spaces; Death and burial; Science, medicine, and aesthetics; and Languages and semantic fields. In addition to exploring what makes each sensory context unique, this organisation facilitates cross-cultural and cross-chronological, as well as cross-sensory and multisensory comparisons and discussions of sensory experiences in the ancient world. In so doing, the volume also enables considerations of senses beyond the five-sense model of Western philosophy (sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell), including proprioception and interoception, and the phenomena of synaesthesia and kinaesthesia. The Routledge Handbook of the Senses in the Ancient Near East provides scholars and students within the field of ancient Near Eastern studies new perspectives on and conceptions of familiar spaces, places, and practices, as well as material culture and texts. It also allows scholars and students from adjacent fields such as Classics and Biblical Studies to engage with this material, and is a must-read for any scholar or student interested in or already engaged with the field of sensory studies in any period.

The Oxford Handbook of Light in Archaeology

2021-12-09
The Oxford Handbook of Light in Archaeology

Author: Costas Papadopoulos

Publisher: Oxford University Press

ISBN: 9780191092329

Category: Social Science

Page: 816

View: 282

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Light has a fundamental role to play in our perception of the world. Natural or artificial lightscapes orchestrate uses and experiences of space and, in turn, influence how people construct and negotiate their identities, form social relationships, and attribute meaning to (im)material practices. Archaeological practice seeks to analyse the material culture of past societies by examining the interaction between people, things, and spaces. As light is a crucial factor that mediates these relationships, understanding its principles and addressing illumination's impact on sensory experience and perception should be a fundamental pursuit in archaeology. However, in archaeological reasoning, studies of lightscapes have remained largely neglected and understudied. This volume provides a comprehensive and accessible consideration of light in archaeology and beyond by including dedicated and fully illustrated chapters covering diverse aspects of illumination in different spatial and temporal contexts, from prehistory to the present. Written by leading international scholars, it interrogates the qualities and affordances of light in different contexts and (im)material environments, explores its manipulation, and problematises its elusive properties. The result is a synthesis of invaluable insights into sensory experience and perception, demonstrating illumination's vital impact on social, cultural, and artistic contexts.

Environmentally Friendly Cities

2014-11-19
Environmentally Friendly Cities

Author: Eduardo Maldonado

Publisher: Routledge

ISBN: 9781134256297

Category: Architecture

Page: 700

View: 863

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The 15th Passive and Low Energy Architecture (PLEA) conference considered the issues of sustainability and environmental friendliness at the city scale. Some 150 papers address the many and varied questions faced by architects and planners in reducing the impact on the environment of cities and their buildings.

Image and Identity in the Ancient Near East: Papers in memoriam Pierre Amiet

2022-05-26
Image and Identity in the Ancient Near East: Papers in memoriam Pierre Amiet

Author: Laura Battini

Publisher: Archaeopress Publishing Ltd

ISBN: 9781803271231

Category: Social Science

Page: 204

View: 487

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This volume, consisting of two parts, gathers papers in honour of Pierre Amiet. Part 1 analyses the body as a biological entity as well as a social, sexual and cultural identity (persona). Part 2 includes articles closely related to the specialisms of Amiet: glyptics, state formation, and the organisation of craftsmen and statuary.

The Routledge Handbook of Sensory Archaeology

2019-11-19
The Routledge Handbook of Sensory Archaeology

Author: Robin Skeates

Publisher: Routledge

ISBN: 9781317197461

Category: Social Science

Page: 592

View: 320

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Edited by two pioneers in the field of sensory archaeology, this Handbook comprises a key point of reference for the ever-expanding field of sensory archaeology: one that surpasses previous books in this field, both in scope and critical intent. This Handbook provides an extensive set of specially commissioned chapters, each of which summarizes and critically reflects on progress made in this dynamic field during the early years of the twenty-first century. The authors identify and discuss the key current concepts and debates of sensory archaeology, providing overviews and commentaries on its methods and its place in interdisciplinary sensual culture studies. Through a set of thematic studies, they explore diverse sensorial practices, contexts and materials, and offer a selection of archaeological case-studies from different parts of the world. In the light of this, the research methods now being brought into the service of sensory archaeology are re-examined. Of interest to scholars, students and others with an interest in archaeology around the world, this book will be invaluable to archaeologists and is also of relevance to scholars working in disciplines contributing to sensory studies: aesthetics, anthropology, architecture, art history, communication studies, history (including history of science), geography, literary and cultural studies, material culture studies, museology, philosophy, psychology, and sociology.

The Robust City

2015-04-10
The Robust City

Author: Tony Hall

Publisher: Routledge

ISBN: 9781317625841

Category: Architecture

Page: 166

View: 197

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Cities expand, upwards and outwards, and their physical structure can last a very long time, not just tens but hundreds of years. Nevertheless, they are rarely designed for expansion. Their layout does not allow for extension or for the retrofitting of infrastructure and can constrain, and often prevent, the growth and change of activities within them - cities are not 'robust' in their design. In other words, change is not planned for but involves costly reconstruction. The Robust City argues that a robust, expandable and sustainable urban form can be deduced from planning goals. Development should not just follow public transport corridors but should not be allowed beyond walking distance from them. This would create 'green enclaves' that would permit not only recreational access but also the retrofitting of infrastructure and the efficient circulation of motor vehicles. The same principles could also be applied within neighbourhoods and to facilitate the rational handling of urban intensification.

Landscape Architectural Graphic Standards

2012-02-24
Landscape Architectural Graphic Standards

Author: Leonard J. Hopper

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

ISBN: 9781118272008

Category: Architecture

Page: 576

View: 865

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The new student edition of the definitive reference on landscapearchitecture Landscape Architectural Graphic Standards, Student Edition is acondensed treatment of the authoritative Landscape ArchitecturalGraphic Standards, Professional Edition. Designed to give studentsthe critical information they require, this is an essentialreference for anyone studying landscape architecture anddesign. Formatted to meet the serious student's needs, the content in thisStudent Edition reflects topics covered in accredited landscapearchitectural programs, making it an excellent choice for arequired text in landscape architecture, landscape design,horticulture, architecture, and planning and urban design programs.Students will gain an understanding of all the critical materialthey need for the core classes required by all curriculums,including: * Construction documentation * Site planning * Professional practice * Site grading and earthwork * Construction principles * Water supply and management * Pavement and structures in the landscape * Parks and recreational spaces * Soils, asphalt, concrete, masonry, metals, wood, and recreationalsurfaces * Evaluating the environmental and human health impacts ofmaterials Like Landscape Architectural Graphic Standards, this StudentEdition provides essential specification and detailing informationon the fundamentals of landscape architecture, includingsustainable design principles, planting (including green roofs),stormwater management, and wetlands constuction and evaluation. Inaddition, expert advice guides readers through importantconsiderations such as material life cycle analysis, environmentalimpacts, site security, hazard control, environmental restorationand remediation, and accessibility. Visit the Companion web site:wiley.com/go/landscapearchitecturalgraphicstandards

Spirit and Place

2012-06-14
Spirit and Place

Author: Christopher Day

Publisher: Routledge

ISBN: 9781136365256

Category: Architecture

Page: 253

View: 567

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Built environment surrounds us for 90% of our lives but only now are we realising its influence on the environment, our health, and how we think, feel and behave both individually and socially. Spirit & Place shows how to work towards a sustainable environment through socially inclusive processes of placemaking, and how to create places that are nourishing psychologically and physically, to soul and spirit as well as body. This book's unique arguments identify important, but often unrecognised, principles and illustrate their applicability in a wide range of situations, price-ranges and climates. It shows how to reconcile the apparently incompatible demands of environmental, economic and social sustainability; how to moderate climate to make places of delight, and realign social pressures so places both support society and maximise economic viability. Thought provoking and easy to understand, Christopher Day uses everyday examples to relate his theories to practice and our experience.